大学物理 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (7): 30-.doi: 10.16854 / j.cnki.1000-0712.200508

• 教学讨论 • 上一篇    下一篇

谐振子的经典和量子统计分布

康琳惠,张 林   

  1. 陕西师范大学物理学与信息技术学院,陕西 西安 710119
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-16 修回日期:2021-02-27 出版日期:2021-07-06 发布日期:2021-07-09
  • 通讯作者: 张林,E-mail: zhanglincn@ snnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:康琳惠( 1997—) ,女,山西太原人,陕西师范大学物理学与信息技术学院 2019 级硕士研究生,主要从事学科物理教学研究工作.

Classical and quantum statistical distributions of harmonic oscillators

KANG Lin-hui,ZHANG Lin   

  1. College of Physics and Information Technology,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi 'an,Shaanxi 710119,China
  • Received:2020-11-16 Revised:2021-02-27 Online:2021-07-06 Published:2021-07-09

摘要: 经典统计与量子统计之间存在着一定的区别和联系,并在一定的条件下可以相互转换.本文以物理学中非常重要的谐振子模型为例,分别从谐振子的运动状态描述、能量、测不准原理、运动空间分布、概率分布等方面对这两种统计方法进行了比较从而归纳出谐振子的经典统计与量子统计分布的异同,加深了对量子动力学行为的进一步理解和认知.

关键词: 谐振子模型, 经典统计分布, 量子统计分布

Abstract: There are some differences and connections between classical statistics and quantum

statistics,and they can be converted to each other under certain conditions. The harmonic

oscillator model is very important in physics,for example,the movement of the harmonic

oscillator state description,energy,and the uncertainty princi- ple,spatial distribution and

probability distribution of the two kinds of statistical methods are compared and summa-

rized,respectively. The classical statistics of harmonic oscillator and the similarities and

differences with quantum statistical distribution are deepened to the further understanding of

quantum dynamics behavior and cognition.

Key words: harmonic oscillator model, classical statistical distribution, quantum statistical distribution